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Triumfetta semitriloba

Jacq. (1760)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Genus: Triumfetta

Sacramento bur

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial herbs or subshrubs to ca. 5–20 dm tall.

Stems: Stems erect, younger ones densely stellate pubescent, glabrate with age.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades variable in shape, usually broadly ovate to lanceolate, 4–20 cm long, 3.5–8 cm wide, usually slightly 3–lobed. Apex acuminate. Base very broadly cuneate to truncate, rarely subcordate. Surfaces stellate pubescent, more densely so on lower surface. Margins irregularly serrate–dentate. Three-veined from base. Petioles 1.5–6 cm long. Stipules present.

Flowers: Flowers few in axillary cymes, +/- with an involucel subtending the calyx, the bracts distinct or basally connate. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx of 5 sepals, linear, 4–7 mm long, apex with a filiform subapical appendage, valvate in bud. Corolla actinomorphic to moderately zygomorphic, tubular to rotate or reflexed. corolla of 5 petals, yellow, narrowly oblanceolate, 3.5–6.5 mm long, distinct from each other but adnate at base to staminal column, convolute in bud, or absent. Stamens 15–20, monadelphous, forming a staminal column; filaments terminating the staminal column or borne below a 5-dentate apex; anthers monothecal. Pollen globose, echinate. Ovary superior, 2-5-celled; ovules 2 per cell, the carpels borne in a single whorl or rarely seemingly superposed whorls, placentation axile; style exceeding the staminal column, unbranched and stigmatically lobed at apex or branched, filiform; stigma 2-5-toothed, terminal or decurrent.

Fruit: Capsules globose; indehiscent; 4–5 mm in diameter; puberulent; glabrate with age; covered with retrorsely setose; hooked bristles. Seeds 1-2; when 2; separated by a false partition; reniform to turbinate; with or without endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 32

Habitat: In dry disturbed sites.

Elevation Range: 30–860 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Other Animals

Pollinators

Notes

  • 30-860 m
  • Description digitized by Rafael Domingo
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Maui 1910
  • also known as sacramento burr

Bibliography

Name Published In: Enum. Syst. Pl.: 22 (1760)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1294 (K, O, M, H); Wysong et al. 2007:7 (Mo)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Triumfetta semitriloba Common along dry, rocky roadsides, Auwahi Preserved_Specimen Flowers yellow Herbst, D.R. 718 Maui BISH 1967-11-11
2 Triumfetta semitriloba East Maui, 9.4 mi E of 'Ulupalakua Randh on Piilani Hwy.(Hwy.31),3.5 mi W of Manawainui; in disturbed shrubland dominated by Lantana Preserved_Specimen flowers yellow Wagner, W.L. 4769 Maui BISH 1983-01-14
3 Triumfetta semitriloba Waianae Mts., Kamaileunu Ridge, a SW ridge separating Wai1anae Kai and Makaha Valleys Preserved_Specimen weed. Wagner, W.L. 5096 Oahu BISH 1983-12-11
4 Triumfetta semitriloba Outside forest reserve boundary, along trail leading to Sacred Falls Along footpath. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Oahu BISH 1978-03-21
5 Triumfetta semitriloba Maui Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1965 Maui BISH 1920-03-14
6 Triumfetta semitriloba Haiku Kuaha. Bank at road side with Sida . Lantana Preserved_Specimen A shrub 2m. In height Woolford, H.A. 142 Maui BISH 1955-12-26
7 Triumfetta semitriloba Iao Valley, Wailuku Preserved_Specimen weed by roadside St.John, H. 10288 Maui BISH 1930-02-09
8 Triumfetta semitriloba P.T.B.G., Lawai Valley Preserved_Specimen Shrub with yellow flowers. Common in Valley. Herbst, D.R. 2267 Kauai BISH 1971-12-28
9 Triumfetta semitriloba N slope of Haleakala, Kailua Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2498 Maui BISH 1920-06-13
10 Triumfetta semitriloba Captain Cook, Amy Greenwell Ethnobotanic Garden, Native Hibiscus Garden of the Greenwell project Preserved_Specimen Low growing sparse shrub to 3 ft. Flowers yellow Rozett, J.R. 27 Hawaii BISH 1982-01-01
11 Triumfetta semitriloba Maui Preserved_Specimen Small, yellow-flowered, shrub about 3 ft. tall. Ulupalakkua. Herbst, D.R. 780 Maui BISH 1967-12-14
12 Triumfetta semitriloba roadside and pasture weed common near Huehue Ranch Headquarters Preserved_Specimen Shraub to 7 ft. tall with pale green foliage and yellow flowers. Fruit brown when mature. Herbst, D.R. 5037 Hawaii BISH 1974-09-18
13 Triumfetta semitriloba East Maui, on roadsides from Ulupalakua to Haiku Preserved_Specimen 5-6 ft. high Holt, W. Maui BISH 1941-01-21
14 Triumfetta semitriloba East Maui, Haiku Preserved_Specimen Christ, J.H. Maui BISH 1958-04-10
15 Triumfetta semitriloba Ulupalakua, auwahi Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 371 Maui BISH 1933-10-14
16 Triumfetta semitriloba Lapaulaula Gulch Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 120624 Molokai BISH 2006-12-08
17 Triumfetta semitriloba W Maui, Waihee, in lower trail section, Psidium zone, weedy subshrub c. 1/2' height Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 7536 Maui BISH 1992-03-24
18 Triumfetta semitriloba Wailuku District, W Maui Forest Reserve, 'Iao Valley, above lookout and parking lot along 'Iao Stream Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5830 Maui BISH 1988-03-06
19 Triumfetta semitriloba East Maui, Keanae Valley Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2658 Maui BISH 1986-12-30
20 Triumfetta semitriloba East Maui, Mahawawi Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Maui BISH 1910-08-01
21 Triumfetta semitriloba Haiku Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Maui BISH 1923-04-25
22 Triumfetta semitriloba Waimea District, Kawiiki Ganyou Secondary forest dominated by Aleurites moluccana with Psidium, Psydrax, Triumfetta, and Melia. With Salvia occidentalis. Preserved_Specimen Dominant understory plant. Shrub of up to four ft. Leaves dark, dull green, dull, grey-green below with shitish-green primary veins. Flynn, T.W. 3744 Kauai BISH 1990-01-31
23 Triumfetta semitriloba W Maui, Maunalei Arboretum pasture before entrance Preserved_Specimen herb to 50 cm Annable, C.R. 3814 Maui BISH 1998-02-11
24 Triumfetta semitriloba Kawainui Marsh In wooded area near edge of marsh. Below Quarry Rd. Preserved_Specimen Flowers yellow Smith, L.B. 5 Oahu BISH 1976-01-04
25 Triumfetta semitriloba Koloa District, Kalaheo Park Secondary vegetaion of Syzygium cumini, Psidium guajava, and Ficus microcarpa Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1.5m tall, corolla yellow, fruits spiny. Locally common, naturalized. Lorence, D.H. 5213 Kauai BISH 1987-05-10
26 Triumfetta semitriloba Makaha Stream above heiau; about 1 hr walk Christmas berry-rose apple/kukui forest. Preserved_Specimen Shrub with yellow flowers (nat). Occasional. Lennstrom, H. 199477 Oahu BISH 1994-02-21
27 Triumfetta semitriloba Along trail from highway In Panicum maximum are which has been grazed. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Hawaii BISH 1985-09-05
28 Triumfetta semitriloba Waikane Valley, Koolau Mts Along a jeep road to Waikane Camp. In roadside vegetation of Desmodium & assorted grasses. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 5' ht. Nagata, K.M. 1209 Oahu BISH 1973-11-02
29 Triumfetta semitriloba Kalaupapa, Waikolu, W rim lowland wet forest dominated by Metrosideros polymorpha, Cheirodendron trigynum, Dicranopteris linearis Preserved_Specimen perennial herb; globose capsules with hooked bristles Hughes, G.D. 1137 Molokai BISH 2004-02-02
30 Triumfetta semitriloba Pahala, Kau District Growing in yard near road. Preserved_Specimen Sprawling shrub 3' tall. No flowers, fruit dry and brown. Cuddihy, L.W. 951 Hawaii BISH 1982-01-10
31 Triumfetta semitriloba Pahole Gulch, Waialua Distr., Waianae Mts Growing with grasses, Stachytarpheta and Salvia occidentalis Preserved_Specimen Shrub not exceeding 1 m. ht. at entrance of gulch. Nagata, K.M. 1805 Oahu BISH 1978-10-26
32 Triumfetta semitriloba Vicinity of Puu O Hoku Locally common in pasture. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 120633 Molokai BISH 2006-12-09
33 Triumfetta semitriloba Kapuna Gulch & Pahole Natural Area Reserve Along Mokuleia Trail Preserved_Specimen Flower yellow, 5 parted. Fruits depicts burbush. Welton, P. 74 Oahu BISH 1988-11-13
34 Triumfetta semitriloba Waimea District. Waimea Canyon rim, southeast of hunter check-in station. Degraded Acacia-Metrosideros lowland dry to mesic forest dominated by secondary invasive species with Dodonaea viscosa, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Hibiscus waimeae, Diospyros sandwicensis, Chrysodracon aurea (= C. stenophylla), Nestegis sandwicensis, Sida fallax, Dianella sandwicensis, Gahnia beech Preserved_Specimen Shrub, 1.5 meters tall, with fruit, common. Wood, K.R. 18352 Kauai BISH 2020-01-21
35 Triumfetta semitriloba Lihue District. On the NouNou trail near the Kuamoo Road trailhead, neaxt to the bridge over Opaekaa stream. Growing along trail edge (approximately 100 by 5 meter area) under Macaranga tanaris, Falcataria moluccana, Chrysocphyllum oliviforme, Citharexylum sp., Odontonema cusidatum. Preserved_Specimen Shrub approximately 1 meter tall, leaves dull green, pubescent; flowers small, yellow. Brock, K. 761 Kauai BISH 2015-11-24
36 Triumfetta semitriloba Kahikinui, Maui, T.H Preserved_Specimen Common weed on aa lava plain Degener, O. 19311 Maui BISH 1948-12-23
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